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What is swine flu, or H1N1 2009?
In the subtypes of H and N proteins, there can be substantial mutations occurring. These mutations make efforts to develop effective vaccines difficult. It is reported that the H1 protein of H1N1 2009 strain is 29% different from H1N1 virus that circulated in 2008; and 18% differerent at the N1 protein (Gallaher, Virology J. 2009, doi:10.1186). This means that the available vaccine for H1N1 strain of 2008 may not work for the 2009 strain. The H1N1 strain that developed into a pandemic in 2009 was initially called swine flu and was suspected of originating from pigs (see below). There was H1N1 strain infections and pandemic prior to 2009. However the virus stain was substantially different.What are Flu (Influenza) drugs?
The available drugs are possibily limited to Tamiflu (oseltamir and Relenza (zanamivir). Both of them are directed against the viral envelope protein neuraminidase. As mentioned before, this enzyme is required for detaching viral particles from the host cell. This enzyme also helps the virus to move through mucus by breaking down mucus sugar residues and paving the path to infect other cells. Neuramindase inhibitors block the enzyme's function and prevent new virus particles being released from the host cell.The inhibitor may also help in preventing its motility through mucus. This would limit the spread of infection. Unless the virus can enter a new cell, it cannot multipy either. Other drugs that are used to control influenza A infection include amantadine and rimantadine. As these drugs block M2 protein and this protein is not present in influenza B, the drug could be ineffective in such infections. Before taking any of these drugs, one should consult with a registered medical practitioner.
It may be noted that the 1918 flu pandemic (spanish flu) was also caused by H1N1, but a different strain than the 2009 H1N1 strain. The 2009 H1N1 virus, also called swine flu, is considered to be a reassortment of gene segments from swine flu virus genes, avian flu and human influenza virus genes, and therefore called a "assortment" virus. This probably led to the conclusion that eating or handling pork may not cause the infection. There is currently no evidence that the 2009 H1N1 initially called as swine flu, was spread from pigs to people.
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Disclaimer: The above material is only for information purpose and some information may change with advancement of knowledge. Do not use this information to treat any medical condition. If you suspect a medical condition, consult a registered medical practitioner.